Establishing a Technical College Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Establishing a Technical College - Dissertation Example The paper tells that the fundamental objective in any country in the world is to enhance different aspects of development namely political, social, and economic development. One of the keys to achieving this objective is to improve the quality of education in a given country as well as an access to these learning opportunities. Growth of national income in a country often relates to education. Quality education entails the availability of the teaching and learning resources, their equitable distribution, meeting the educational standards, meeting the needs of the students, and meeting the societal needs through providing required expertise. Various socio-economic factors can bar some potential members of the society from realizing their full potential to serve the country. This is a drawback not only to the individual but also to the entire nations and explains why the issue should be a national and global concern. The benefits of education to the society can be realized if there is an evident public investment in education. The established institutions of learning should provide adequate knowledge and skills to the learners that can easily be integrated into the different applications in the field. All these can be realized through an effective system of education in a given country. There is need to have an education system that ensures continued student progression to higher education institutions to equip them with the skills required in the society. This is thwarted, though, by the limited positions in these institutions of higher learning especially in the underdeveloped countries like Ivory Coast. Besides, not every individual in the primary schools qualify to proceed to secondary schools and neither can every student here qualify for university entrance. There is a need to establish alternative institutions that can absorb these students who have not been absorbed at higher levels. In this literature review, the writer focuses on the scholarly articles that discuss the theories on factors affecting education in a given country. Evidence is also short from other reports. The strategies that are appropriate in managing the arising social issues are also examined. The review is concerned with an identification of the central issues that affect the quality of education in a given country and an integration and generalization of these concepts. It will consider how these factors apply to the local context in Ivory Coast. The literature review involves qualitative methods of research and the researcher will not be neutral but will be bias towards his understanding of the factors affecting education. It may not be possible to exhaust all the scholarly articles addressing this issue even if it is narrowed down to the local context in Ivory Coast. As such, the researcher has opted to use representative sample of articles in academic databases that cover this topic in order to generalize the concept. The articles are analyzed according to t he key issues they focus on. Problem Definition Cote D’Ivoire (or Ivory Coast) is one of the developing nations in the West African region that was a former French colony. The country enjoyed positive economic growth and political stability after independence under the leadership of her first autocratic president Felix Houphouet-Boigny (The Economist, 2010). However, the political stability ended with the death of the founder. The country currently has a poor underdeveloped economy owing to the political unrest and violence that has hit the country in the past. In 2010, the country’s population was 19.7 million; a population growth rate of 2%, a GDP of $22.8 billion, GDP per capita of $1,154, and a GDP growth rate of 3.0% (World Bank, 2011). The country has

1800’s message media Essay Example for Free

1800’s message media Essay Prior to photographys debut, only the wealthy and the powerful could afford the services of an artist to paint their portrait. Photography provided an affordable means for many to obtain likenesses. In an 1864 speech on pictures, Frederick Douglass discusses the impact that the early photographic formats made on society. First, Douglass views photography as the great equalizer of race and class in that a servant girl could now afford to have a likeness made of herself. Second, the observation illustrates the impact that images had on society more than 150 years ago. The access to such an affordable product encouraged many free blacks to have their portraits taken. Third, the speech is important because it represents an African American perspective on photography. The daguerreotype was the earliest commercial photographic format and was named for its inventor, Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre. It was popular from its invention in 1839 until around 1860. Daguerreotypes are unique and fragile and images of non-whites are somewhat rare. The daguerreotype of Frederick Douglass is one of the earliest known images of him and is unusual because of the profile pose said to symbolize nobility of character. The Douglass image represents the control that free blacks had over how they wished to be perceived by the public. In many of his early photographs, Douglass appears poised, cultured and sometimes defiant as in the engraving of Douglass taken from the frontispiece of his second autobiography My Bondage My Freedom. A comparison of the first two photographs of Douglass with a later drawing of him shows a startling difference, a difference which was noted by Douglass in a book review in the North Star. Douglass commented on this drawing of him by Wilson Armistead. Douglass comment is based on his on-going criticism of the portrayal of African Americans by white artists. Possibly, Douglass did not pose for the Armistead drawing but in the photographic portraits, he had much more control over how he wished to be portrayed. Douglass was one of the most photographed individuals of the 19th century. (Wells, 1996) Until the latter half of the nineteenth century, the portrayal of the Black image in American painting and in the larger context of art remained somewhat elusive and descriptively narrow. The problem of interpretation is seldom a simple one. Thus, with a subject as controversial as the depiction of race and how it should be rendered in the name of honest imagery, artists often were at the mercy of clients who were not objective in their description of race. The actual observations of subjects from within the Black race had little impact on the making of Black images in painting. Much of what emerged from white artists as a sympathetic statement about the Black race in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries came largely from the imagination of the artists. Often, they willfully stereotyped Black subjects by carrying out the wishes of clients who wanted a portrait of their favorite Black servant recorded along with themselves. The results of such a practice were Black images in the art of painting that covered a gamut of visual responses, from the more positive sophisticated imagery of John Singleton Copleys Watson and the Shark, in which a Black man is shown as an equal, awestruck spectator in the boat, to the tattered-torn destitute Black people in the paintings of William Aiken Walker in which field hands are seen picking cotton on southern plantations. By contrast, from 1700 to 1900, very few images of Blacks appeared in sculpture other than in folk items. Those which have survived were often made to show subjects with exaggerated features highlighting what most would describe as unfavorable stereotypic characterizations of the Black race. Some of these grotesque characterizations of Blacks have survived into the twentieth century. One could all but characterize the subjects which occur in the first four time periods listed by citing the recurring themes which white American artists chose to depict in which Blacks were the principal subjects. Blacks are depicted as servants and slaves, noble savages, or servant/war heroes; a few are seen as gentlemen of color. As early as 1838, Blacks were seen as entertainers of whites, serving as musicians and comic capers. Among the visual documentation found are slave sales and slave market scenes, field scenes depicting work experiences as well as those sharing the laziness of the race, and Blacks who serve to promote the sale of food. These are among the constant images that recur in the work of American artists from 1840 until the end of the Civil War. Artistry toward Articulating Personal Characteristics A cursory study of Blacks in American painting reveals that they were virtually ignored as primary figures. When depicted, they were presented more often as servants in the employ of wealthy householders or in scenic settings in which they provide music as entertainment and on occasion singing and dancing for self-entertainment ( Epstein 1). As time passed, such images have come to be looked upon as stereotypic and only partially accurate in showing the full range of the lifestyle and activities of Blacks in colonial and post-Revolutionary America. Dimension is not a term which can readily describe the treatment that Blacks received from the hands of artists of the majority culture prior to the latter half of the nineteenth century. In all ways of visual description, Blacks were depicted with contempt. What is seen today as an appreciable change among mainstream artists in their portrayal of the Black subject is a trend which began to change with the imagery of William Sidney Mount ( 1807-1868) and Winslow Homer ( 1836-1910), both of whom depicted Black subjects with reasonable likeness in their time in history. Of the two, Mount showed limited sensibilities to the plight of the race. Homer directed his artistry toward articulating personal characteristics of the race, painting distinct individuals who lived separate lives devoid of the stereotypic cast placed on previous Black sitters. Homer avoided placing Black figures into a cramped space devoid of compositional clarity. While one tends to look favorably on those images created by William Sidney Mount and on those still-unknown artists of the period that show Blacks as musicians, farmers, and members of their own households, in the main, those images were most often rendered in a manner that singled out Black Americans as being happy with their fate and destitute state in life. More often, they appeared untutored in the cultural ways of white society and visually represented a helpless people without civilized roots and a distinct ethnic history. (Smith, 1988).

An Argument for Vegetarianism Essay -- Eating Food Vegetarian Vegetari

An Argument for Vegetarianism ABSTRACT: In this paper I propose to answer the age-old reductio against vegetarianism, which is usually presented in the form of a sarcastic question ( e.g., "How do you justify killing and eating plants?"). Addressing the question takes on special significance in the light of arguments which seem to show that even nonsentient life is intrinsically valuable. Thus, I suggest that we rephrase the question in the following manner: When beings (who are biological and thus dependent on the destruction of other forms of life in order to sustain their own) evolve into societies of moral agents are they entitled merely to assume that they retain their license to destroy other life in order to sustain their own? I answer in the negative. I argue that such societies must continually earn that right by engaging in activity that makes up for and augments the values that they destroy. Unlike other biological beings, humans have complete control over what they eat, whether they eat, and whether t hey reproduce. Hence, the appeals to necessity that are ubiquitous in justifications of both vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets are inauthentic and must be accordingly forsaken. We will have to appeal instead to the value of particular human activities that are fueled by our consumption of other lives. 'So you don't eat animals, but you do eat plants. Plants, like animals, are living things how do you justify killing and eating them?' The mock indignation and air of self-congratulation which invariably accompany this question make it plain that the speaker does not expect the requested information but rather believes that he or she has delivered an original and decisive reductio ad absurdum against vegetariani... ...sort of axiology that last-person arguments are meant to establish. All creatures imaginable are valued and are attributed with at least one sense, from human beings (five-sensed) to leeches (two-sensed) to clods of earth (one-sensed). Any intentional act of violence against any of these is considered sinful, even an act done for a good cause (e.g., to feed human beings). It is odd, then, that Jainism is merely dismissed in environmentalist literature (Nash 1989, 70; Kalupahana 1989, 248; Curtin 1992, 141 n. 12). (3) My complaint here is against the deliberate ascetic. When people lead meager lives on the edge of physical exhaustion and starvation because of the inequities of economic distribution, it is not they but their oppressors who do an injustice to the environment, using the latter to fill their bellies and their wallets through acts of social injustice.

Qualitative and Quantative Research Method Essay

Globalisation in business is a historical process, the term â€Å"Globalisation† begun to use more commonly in 1980s, which happened due to of innovations and the research which has been done from a long time on improving the communication and technology. Just because of the fastest communication today more or less every business is dealing their customers using technology and having the communication with them using modern devices. Here in my assignment i will discuss about the globalization and what are the reason for the growth of globalization?.I will also discuss about the process of globalization and its effect in the market.In my case study i will take the Siemens AG company. Siemens AG is a global electrical and electronics business with a turnover of  £53 billion. The business employs over 450,000 people. Siemens is multi-national. It operates across 190 separate nation states. Executives in Germany and across the world must make decisions in the best interests of Siemens’ shareholders. Most multinationals have many capabilities. They must make decisions about where their separate activities should be. For Siemens it is not efficient to design and manufacture all products in all countries. It is more efficient to concentrate manufacturing to keep economies of scale through specialization. Products can be shipped anywhere within the group. Globalisation: According to modelski et al,(2007) â€Å"globalization† as (the process of) â€Å"emergence of institution of planetary scope† As readied by Isard (2005) in globalization and international financial system. Imagine the world twenty years ago when there were no personal computers, no laptops, no mobile phones the communication was very slow and because of not having the internet facility there was a limited communication not for the people within the country but internationally as well, as we do emails today which takes only few seconds to reach the recipient there was no concept like that and the messages sending and receiving was dependent on days and weeks, this all is changed now just because of globalisation. According to J.Ali (2000) â€Å"Firms across the world have recognized that globalization is a reality that creates unlimited opportunities while intensifying competitors and threats† Globalisation is the integration between the markets, nations, states and technologies it is the way which enables the individuals, corporations, organisations, nations and states to reach the world easier, cheaper, faster and safer than ever before, it affects everyone like the internet has enabled everyone to connect to each other at any time and to learn the aspects of any culture in the world, now the trade is much easier and is diversified, the ideas are being shared among all people of earth the cultures are being refined the globalisation is conquering markets and capturing hearts. There are a lots of organisations which are selling their products throughout the whole world the picture of international trade has been totally changed. Reasons for the growth of globalisation: As the communication barriers have been removed the need of international trade exposed, the company’s thought to expand their businesses for these reasons the globalisation has got the rapid growth. Growth of regional economic or trading blocs such as EU, NAFTA (north American free trade agreement) APEC(Asia pacific economic cooperation forum) has contributed in making the globalisation happen and to promote the trade between the counties the allowance of free trade between the members of the blocs countries, this helps the countries to grow together and that is the way of making the economy of different countries better and stronger. By this the countries are included in the same blocs or the member countries help each other country people to maintain their economic stability as well. The development of transport links and networks capable of moving goods, quickly and relatively cheap is also one of the main reasons behind the growth of globalisation, the shipping transportation has improved very much and the product are being shifted to one another countries in bulky amount. The advancement in technology and communication made the possibility of transferring the financial capitals due to which people were attracted to do businesses in other countries as well, the production cost is not same for any product all over the world so many businesses wanted to install their production plants in those countries which are more cheaper which tends the global market again to rise. Other then these every business wants their customers to be satisfied by their product for that purpose the feedback is necessary the feedback is being received by the companies by having the online feedback forms where the suggestions and recommendations are been given by the consumers for the product. The companies are providing the assistance services to their customers by giving them an option to call the assistance team at any time the services are provided through internet or phones, live chat, live calls and live video conferencing. Process of Globalisation and Effects To explain the effects of globalisation and the process we are adding a case study of a multinational company that how the company is handling the issues regarding the customers worldwide. A Siemens case study: Meeting global and local needs A Siemens case study: Meeting global and local needs by times100 As readed by Gills,bThompson (2006) globalization and global history: Multinational companies are the agents of globalisation the access of product from all over the world is a very good gift given by the internet to the companies who wants to have more potential customers. Globalisation has linked the first world countries to the third ones most of the manufacturing setups are in third world countries and this made a very beneficial impact on both as the first world countries are enjoying the cost minimisation by having cheap labour and low production costs and the third world countries are having the employments and jobs by having the plants in their countries on the other side mostly the service sector is being served by the first world countries. As explained by collier, dollar and lank in globalization and environment (2002): Keeping in view that what the customers actually need is the main aim of Siemens for this there is expertise working with Siemens form 150 years which makes the company to stand where it is today. The company has channels in about one hundred and ninety countries and the diversification of different cultures and different languages with different people is being keenly handled by the managers of organisation. As readed on Turchin,p (2003) why states rise and falls: However due to of easy trading throughout the world the outsourcing is happening that puts the positive impact on Siemens as they are producing electronic products so most businesses are using Siemens product because of the reliability and the company is also producing the power distribution and transmission equipments which are very popular with them the power generators are also being produced. The trade barriers has been removed by the governments and people are able to move from one to another country and can easily take their money with them to open business in other countries, Siemens has expanded their business in many countries and are running their businesses in 190 countries which is because of the innovative approach of organisation. Huge amount is spending upon the research and development sector to improve the company’s abilities to serve as good as they can. Technology is improving day by day new inventions are coming up, Siemens is also contributing in the technological sector as well by producing product related to latest technology. In the field of automation and control Siemens is one of the finest service providers for the industrial solution and services as the world has been globalised and innovation is very important for the survival of any company, Siemens has got a very huge success because of the innovative approach the company has adopted the trend of innovation and inventing more than thirty new inventions a day, the company is assumed second strongest power technologies worldwide. Conclusion: Well globalisation has given lots of benefits for mankind people are having much ease to get knowledge and having more opportunities, have the access to explore the whole world but there are few problems which globalisation has created but these can also be removed by using the globalisation itself. Any how the world has become a global village now the trade, communication and transportation is getting easier as the new innovations are being made by the information technology. Information technology played a very important and vital role in making the world as it is today, there are companies which products are so popular that everyone is known to them like the name which is most prominent in making the products related to electronics is â€Å"Sony†. This is company which sell their product to the whole world. The market for a product is now very vast because of globalisation, the products are being delivered to the consumers no matter where they are, marketing is done to the whole world and it is just possible because of the fastest communication and the credit is again going to technology. References: Modelski,Devezas and Thompson. (2007) globalization as evolutionary process modeling global change, Rutledge, USA and Canada ISARD(2005) globalization and international financial system: what’s wrong and what can be done, Cambridge university press,USA Gills,b. and w.r Thompson(eds.)(2006) globalization and global history.london:routledge. J.Ali globalization of business: practice and theory, International business press, NY Collier, dollar and lank.(2002) globalization, growth and poverty, oxford university press, Washington 2002. Turchin,p.(2003) historical dynamics: why states rise and falls,Princeton,NJ:Princeton university press. http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/siemens/meeting-global-and-local-needs/globalisation

Essay on Hiv

Home reading. As my qualification paper is devoted to the global health, I decided to analyze 4 newspaper articles from BBC, The Guardian and the NY Times concerning the cure for HIV/AIDS. In all the articles the topic of possible existence of the cure for HIV is discussed. They scientists from different world laboratories share their opinion on the right way of creation of this vaccine. It is extremely hard to find the appropriate therapy for patients, because the virus has a tendency to a very rapid mutation.So while the scientists are creating the drug for a patient according to his analyzes, the virus can change in a day and the treatment won’t be effective. Some scientists think that it’s necessary to create a cocktail of many steams of the HIV virus and then create one vaccine. But it will take a very long time and too much many. Moreover the reaction of the patient’s organism can be unpredictable. Other specialists presume that it’s important to pay attention to those patients who carry the neutralizing antibodies in their organisms.Because the cells that produce antibodies have to go through up to 100 mutations before they make neutralizing ones, Dr. Fauci said, a vaccine to induce that would require many shots, given month after month, to â€Å"push† the cells through those mutations. But the problem is that only 20 percent of the infected have the neutralizing antibodies in their organisms. There are two officially registrated cases when a patient didn’t have a virus in his blood after medical treatment.The first one was in Germany, when a patient with a destroyed immune system, induced by his cancer disease, was transplanted with a stem cell from a donor with a rare genetic mutation that resists HIV infection. The second case took place in the US with a new-born baby in a rural hospital, whose mother just received a positive HIV reaction. The treatment continued for 18 months from the first days of life of th is little baby-girl. After the treatment the scientists were astonished not to find the signs of the virus in her blood.But unfortunately not everything is so easy because this kind of treatment doesn’t suit to adults. The virus in the adult’s organism has already made a mutation and after several years of being infected the virus will infect all the cells in the body and then hides in the DNA, where it will be impossible to cure. On the other hand, 80 percent of all the infected live in the African countries where the possibilities to be cured and appropriate drugs are extremely poor. To conclude my essay I would like to say that an HIV pandemic has become a serious problem of our world.No one is safe enough not be infected by the virus. Nowadays there’s still no single way of treatment that can heal every patient. But the only thing that the scientists wanted us to remember that HIV virus is easier to prevent than to cure. Scientists use the most sophisticated technologies for eliminating this disease all over the world, but many people still don’t know usual requirements for protecting their health. It’s necessary to understand that your momentary pleasure can worth you a long-life HIV treatment. Internet resources: ) http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/health-21653463 – Analysis: A cure for HIV? By James Gallagher. 2) http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-us-canada-21651225 – US HIV baby ‘cured' by early drug treatment 3) http://www. nytimes. com/2013/04/04/health/aids-vaccine-path-suggested-by-study. html? ref=aids&_r=1& – Possible Path to Vaccine for AIDS Is Suggested. By DONALD G. Mcneil Jr. 4) http://www. guardian. co. uk/society/sarah-boseley-global-health/2012/jul/19/hiv-infection-infectiousdiseases? INTCMP=SRCH – A cure for Aids?

Definitely use the or a

Definitely use the or a Definitely use the or a Definitely use the or a By Michael When to use the indefinite article a and when to use the definite article the depends mostly on how specific you want to be. During a wedding ceremony the groom would say, Give me the ring! The wedding ring! because he must have a particular ring, while a carpenter would say, Hand me a nail because he doesnt care which nail in the box he uses. Usually the bigger problem is not whether to use a definite or indefinite article, but whether to use an article at all. So many choices! When do you use a? When do you use an? When do you use the? But relax. Well guide the way. We already talked about when to use a when to use an in the article Give me an A: a vs. an, but well give you a few more examples here. A: you use this when youre not necessarily referring to a specific thing (such as a nail, any nail). Its called an indefinite article, because youre not being definite or particular. There are many nails in this big world. She owns a cat. I work on a golf course. An: its used just like a, but when preceding a vowel sound. It probably comes from Old German, on which Old English was based. My theory is that the use of an survives after all these centuries because it sounds better before vowels. Saying, I want a apple sounds odd, compared to, I want an apple. For the same reason, the fake French sentence, Anne, on en a un, sounds even more odd. May I borrow an egg? He is an arrogant critic. The: youre talking about a definite item, which is why the is called a definite article. Of course it only makes sense if both you and your listeners know which item you mean. If I commanded you, Give me the money, you would rightfully ask, What money? I dont owe you any money. The house on that corner once belonged to Charles Dickens. The weather is very pleasant today. You can use the the second time you refer to something, even if you used an the first time. We know what youre referring to, because you just told us. You can do this, but I wouldnt recommend it. Read these examples repeating the noun might sound monotonous. We visited a palace on our vacation. The palace was built in 1546. We also went to a concert. The concert was too loud for me. When it comes to geography, you dont use the before the names of most nations, provinces, states,lakes or islands. But there are many exceptions: the United States, the Ukraine, or the Congo. On the other hand, the Ukrainians and Congolese people Ive met say, Ukraine and Congo, so go figure. If the name refers to plural items, such as the United States, or the Maldives, you would use the definite article. You would do the same for rivers and oceans, such as the Amazon, the Nile, and the Caspian Sea. Bays need the definite article. He moved to Nepal near Mount Everest. They spent their honeymoon in eastern Maine, on Penobscot Bay. Unlike some languages such as French and Spanish, English sometimes does not use any article at all. You dont need one when making a general statement, or when talking about meals and transportation. I prefer folk music. She hates making noodles. She eats breakfast at home. She traveled to college by train. British writers dont use an article for some places that Americans would. British: I go to university. American: I go to college. American: I transfered to the university last year. British: I felt so ill that I went to hospital. American: I got so sick I had to go to the hospital. Some rules apply all the time. Some rules apply only in certain situations, and only experience and reading can help you get them all right. And some rules apply only in certain situations in certain cultures: British and American English is sometimes different, as you may have learned by now. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Cost-Effective vs. Cost-EfficientStory Writing 10145 Idioms About the Number One

i claudius essays

i claudius essays 4th Emperor of Rome was Claudius - he did right history but they got lost. Agrippa (Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa) - 64-12BC. Most famous for the Battle of Actium (western coast of Greece) 31 BC, where Mark Antony and Cleopatra were defeated in a naval battle. 24 BC - 7th Anniversary of The Battle of Actium. The actor looks much older then 40. Friend, general, and son-in-law to Caesar. He was married twice. He had a daughter, Vipsania, with his first wife. His second wife was Julia. A rivalry between Marcellus and Agrippa did exsist. In the movie he leaves to the island of Lesbos. When Augustus asks him to come back he will only come if he gets to marry Julia. He was also the Governor of Gaul and had several building programs for Rome, including the Pantheon. He was poisoned by Livia in the movie but his death was not suspicioned in history because he was old. Augustus (Julius Caesar Octavius Augustus) - 63BC-14AD, played by Brian Blessed. He was the great nephew of Julius Caesar who adopted him to be his son. He had a daughter, Julia with Scribonia, his first wife. His second wife was Livia, which he had no children with. His reign lasted from 27BC-14AD. There was 100 years of civil war before his rule. Augustus ushered in 40 years of peace, Pax Augustus, the first part of the Pax Romana. He "found a city of brick and left it a city of marble." His appearance was small and well proportioned, frail, and sickly. His favorite quote in the movie was, "Quicker then boiled asparagus." Octavia - Augustus sister. Her second husband was Mark Antony. They had two children, Marcellus and Antonia. Julia - 39BC-14AD, only child of Augustus and Scribonia. She was married to Marcellus in 25BC, Agrippa in 21BC, and Tiberius in 11BC. She was banished from Rome to Panaterria by her father in 2BC for multiple adulteries. She never came back to Rome and died of malnutrition. She had a gentle wit. She had 4 children with Agrippa: Gauis, Lucius, ...

Appeasement and the Munich - Smart Custom Writing Samples

Appeasement and the Munich - Smart Custom Writing Heat and TemperatureIn order to understand about heat and temperature, it is of great importance to introduce the meaning of matter as well as the Kinetic Theory of Matter. This is because heat can be seen to exist when its effects are observed on matter. Without matter heat and temperature could not be realized. Matter can be defined as anything that has mass and that can occupy space. Matter is composed of substances, and these can be seen being made up of atoms, ions and molecules. Atoms, ions and molecules are the building blocks of matter; such that the behaviors of different types of substances are determined by these primary particles. The atoms of substances contain minute particles which are referred to as protons and electrons. These subatomic particles are also considered matter since they both have weight and occupy space (Atkins Paula, 2002).   Matter exists in three distinct states namely, solid state, liquid state and gaseous state. The three state of matter are inter-convertible such that one state can be converted into another state by changing the immediate environmental conditions especially temperature. The solid state of matter is characterized by having its own volume as well having a definite shape. Liquid state of matter is characterized by having its own volume but assumes the shape of the container it occupies. Gaseous state of matter does not have both its own volume and shape but occupies entire volume of the container and as well assumes the shape of the container it occupies (Atkins Paula, 2002). Kinetic Theory of Matter states that matter is made up of very many minute particles that are in a constant state of motion. The theory can also be referred to as the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter.   The theory forms the basis to explain the behavior that different forms of matter exhibit simply by making simple assumptions, for example, the idea that matter is composed of widely spaced particles which are in a constant motion. The significant areas in this case are transfer or flow of heat as well as the relationship between temperature, pressure, and volume of gases. The Kinetic Theory of matter is a mere prediction regarding the behavior of matter, based on particular approximations and assumptions. These assumptions and approximations are made from experiments and observations, for instance, the fact that objects are made up of atoms or small molecules (Burshtein, 1996).   Heat can be defined as a form of energy that is associated with the motion of molecules or atoms and that can be conveyed through fluid and solid media by the process of conduction, through vacuum by the process of radiation, and through fluid media by convection process.   There are different sources of heat, for instance, heat due to friction, heat due to nuclear reactions, heat due to sun, heat due to burning of fossil fuels, and heat due to electricity. This transmission of energy from one substance to another is determined by a change in phase or a difference in temperature. Therefore temperature can be defined as the measure of the mean kinetic energy of the molecules or atoms in a given sample of matter, and it is usually expressed in degrees or units chosen on a typical scale. The relationship between heat and temperature is depicted from the definitions. Temperatures of substances rise when heat is supplied. Intense heat is characterized by high temperature (Turns, 2006). Now it will be very clear, if in the discussion of converting substances from one state to another immediate state, heat and temperature are involved. From the Kinetic Theory of Matter, it is evident that matter is made up of small particles that are in a constant state of motion. These particles may consist of molecules, ions or atoms which are held together by strong forces of attraction. In the solid state, the particles are closely packed together in fixed positions. The particles cannot move from one position to another but can vigorously vibrate within their fixed positions, and this is because the forces of attraction between the particles are very strong. With the increase in the temperature of a substance in solid state, the particles gain heat energy gradually and the kinetic energy of the particles increases. A point is reached when the particles start to move more vigorous until the forces of attraction between them weakens.   The particles can now move from one place t o another as the substance changes state from solid to liquid. The substance loses its definite shape but it still has its own volume (Atkins Paula, 2002). In the liquid state, the particles are not as closely held together as in the solid states since the forces of attraction between the particles are a bit weaker. The particles are free to move from one place to another within the structure. When the temperature of the substance is increased further, the particles gradually absorb heat energy. The kinetic energy of the particles further increases as the particles move more vigorous. A point reaches when the forces of attraction between the particles are overcome and the particles move far apart from one another. At this point the substance changes its state from liquid to gaseous state (Turns, 2006).   Reduction in temperature reverses the processes, such that the substance in gaseous state changes into liquid state and finally into solid state. This is because, as the temperature reduces, the kinetic energy of the particles goes down and the forces of attraction become stronger. Thus the particles of the substance attract one another. Heat capacity of a substance is defined as a measurable physical quantity that portrays the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a body by a particular amount. The SI units for heat capacity are joules per Kelvin. In substances heat capacity is determined by various properties for example the amount of matter in the substance expressed in terms of its mass, the type of material of which the substance is composed of, the temperature of the substance, and the atmospheric pressure (White, 1999).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   References Atkins, P., Paula, J. (2002). Atkins' Physical Chemistry. Oxford Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press. Burshtein, a., (1996). Introduction to Thermodynamics and Kinetic Theory of Matter.   London: J. Wiley. Turns, S., (2006). Thermal-Fluid Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. White, G., (1999). Heat Capacity and Thermal Expansion at Low Temperatures. New York:   Kluwer Academic/Plenum.

Increase Productivity and Safety at Night Shift Research Proposal

Increase Productivity and Safety at Night Shift - Research Proposal Example Production department is the most important section for the successful operation of the business. Business organizations strive on the efficiency and capability of its production team who provide quality and quantity goods and services to the customers of organization. As the demands for the products grow in numbers, it has become necessary for the organizations to operate 24/7 and employ more number of people so that the market demand could be met easily. As Coleman (1995) pointed out that businesses can run 24 hours for various reasons which includes customers demand, can be considered as the most economical option or the process requires it. Even in organizations where the operations run on continuous basis without switching the process, the workload is balanced in every shift so as to increase the efficiency of processing during the night hours. Working on the night shifts is more difficult than the day shift. This is because there is the issue of fatigue and loss of concentratio n that affect quality. Aside this, there are also safety issues that relate to concerns about going to work, staying safe at work and going back home from work, if one is on the night shift. The present research proposes to conduct an intensive study into the measures and facilities that could be improved and developed to increase the safety and production capacity during night shifts Statement of the Problem Why there is a need to study the ill effects of working during night shifts; is a critical and serious question. ... Also, Thorpy & Billiard (2011, p412) identified that many motor accidents that occur before daybreak can be attributed to tired drivers who have worked through the night. In view of these risks associated with night shifts and it’s continuance in manufacturing industries in spite of so many tragic incidents, it is clear that maintaining a night shift enables a manufacturing company to do more and increase production volumes. It is therefore an important element of organizations and must be kept as productive as the daytime shift. The research therefore examines the issues with safety, security and productivity with the night shift and how these issues can be handled by management of a manufacturing entity. Problems with the Night Shift Demand for increased production due to global competition and just in time manufacturing methods have forced most of the companies to adopt 24 hours working schedule in order to stay economically active and meet the consumer demand. Operating in dustrial processes around the clock forces the employees to remain awake at night contrary to their normal biological rhythms resulting in increased fatigue and reduced alertness and productivity (Gupta, 2006). According to Sharman and Sharman (2008) working during night time upsets the body’s natural process and health effects go far beyond sleep deprivation, decreased concentration, creativity short term memory and decision making ability. According to Folkard and Tucker (2003) the number of people at work and nature of their work vary across shifts as long runs were often saved for night shift with reduced supervision of operations. It is further analyzed on the basis of three different studies on real job measures for 24 hour day operated organization

Early warning scores Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Early warning scores - Essay Example Life of the patients would be at risk if the clinical staff fails to respond to the deterioration of cerebral or respiratory function and increased level of medical intervention, it may lead patients to cardio-respiratory arrest. Abnormal biochemical or physiological variables might lead to avoidable death if appropriate action in response of the above is not taken. Inappropriate care prior to admittance to a critical care unit can direct to more casualties. Due to the limitations of resources, numerous patients that can be treated and monitored in the high dependency units (HDUs) and intensive care units (ICUs) is limited. Therefore it is crucial to select the patients who might benefit from the critical care. The pre-ICU resuscitations might be reduced to an extent if the identification of medical in-patients is carried out at an early stage by the means of uncomplicated procedures bottomed on the physiological parameters (Bowler & Mann 2008, pp.1). For bedside evaluation, Early Wa rning System is a useful tool which is based on five of the physiological parameters: rate of pulse, rate of respiration, systolic blood, AVPU score and temperature. Modified Early Warning System is capable of finding deviation from normal blood pressure of patients and its urine output. To spot surgical patients who would gain benefit from intensive care has been demonstrated recently. No other scoring system which exists has been validated in patients who are admitted on an unselected medical take. The basic goals for this research were ensure the following. 1. To examine the capability of a EWS that is modified (MEWS) 2. To examine the patients that are at risk 3. To inspect the viability of MEWS as a selection device to activate premature evaluation and admittance to an ICU or HDU Effectiveness and Impact All the data of the emergency admissions that were admitted to Medical Admissions Unit was collected. This was done in the month of March and the patients who were admitted to Coronary Care, Medical HDU or ICU and the ones who were admitted again during the study were not observed. While performing routine duties the nursing staff gathered i data, after attaining formal training. Demographic facts, rate of pulse, rate of respiration, systolic blood, temperature and AVPU score (A for ‘alert’, V for responding to vocal stimuli’, P for ‘responding to pain’, U for ‘unconscious’) were evidenced on admittance. Pulse rate and blood pressure were calculated by machine (DINAMAP, Critikon) and also checked physically where suitable. The measurement of temperature was done orally (Temp?Plus II, IVAC). The rate of pulse was counted over sixty seconds. At the time of the measurement of blood pressure, the AVPU scores were scored according to most excellent response. Physiological parameters were collected by the nursing staff twice daily (once am and once pm) on a sheet of data collection for a up to five days. The two inv estigators (MK, CS) were responsible to check the completeness of data every day. The data which were collected was utilized to calculate a Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), from prior experience it was decided to describe a MEWS of 5 or more as a ‘critical score’. During the admission the score that reached the highest was tagged as ‘Score Max’. HDU admission along with ICU admission was the primary end points. Moreover, the other points included the attendance of the cardiac arrest team at a cardio respiratory emergency and

Mathew Kohr vs Starbucks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mathew Kohr vs Starbucks - Assignment Example Before the jury, Starbucks responded by arguing that since the cup of coffee was offered for free, Mr. Kohr is not covered by similar protections as that of a paying customer. Nevertheless, WRAL reported that the argument of Kohr was due to the fact that the freebie is only offered to uniformed officers, which make up an agreement between the company and him. Again, during the trial, Kohr confessed that he had to drive home so that he could take a photograph of the injury before seeking medical care later. He went home so that his wife could take photographs of the burns he had sustained on his inner thigh. The lawyer who represented Starbucks, Tricia Derr insisted that Kohr failed to visit a care center urgently till more than two hours passed. Originally, the Kohrs mentioned two baristas in the case, including the International Paper, who is the manufacturers of the cups, before directing the suit solely at Starbucks (ABC News, 2012). The spokesman for Starbucks mentioned that the company serves four billion coffees annually in the paper cups, and only fifty-nine of them had collapsed. Part OneThough Kohr and his wife did not comment concerning the decision, lawyer Daniel Johnson said that the decision disappointed them very much. On the other hand, Starbucks mentioned that the decision made by the jury was pleasing, adding that it had a belief that the workers didn’t do anything wrong.In any civil actions that take place in the federal court, either of the parties may make the pre-trial motion for summary judgment.

Discussion 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Discussion 2 - Essay Example Such claims are useful in the development of evaluation and management services. A second section of the website is the evaluation and management services guide. It contains updated information as per the date of December 2010. This part provides educational information appertaining the processes of evaluation and management. The section is resourceful in the sense that it provides specific information regarding such processes as medical record documentation, coding considerations, guidelines for management services as contained in the details of 1997, and specific details on billing. The information is also important in the manner in which it provides specific updates as occurred in the year 1995 and 2010. The use of this information on the website can enrich the service offered in time of patient encounter through systematic and procedural methodologies. The site also features tutorial materials for the clients with information on signing into some of the products offered. Deciding on the correct form of E&M code is a task that is dependent on matching the features and the needs. The websites provides a range of services that are tailored to specific tasks. It helps in decision making through the clarification and simplification of information in an orderly and systematic

Continue to the previous topic (internet) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Continue to the previous topic (internet) - Essay Example People need information but this particular type of information should be controlled so that it does not negatively impact on the interests of a certain group of people in a given country. The first reason why the internet should be censored is that the responsible authorities know the cultural values and norms they should preserve in their country given that each nation has its own culture which makes it distinct from other cultures. For example, the aspect of homosexuality is a taboo in other countries while it is allowed in other nations (Naik, 2010). In order for the countries that do not recognize homosexuality to protect their norms and values, they should censor the internet and remove this content from different web pages that are likely to be accessed by different people in their respective countries. This will help protect the interests of the citizens. This disrupts the moral fabric of the society and it can also be seen that unity is also created if people have a common u nderstanding towards something. The internet has no boundaries and dominant nations use this medium to impose their cultural values over other weaker nations. Therefore, individual countries should protect their cultures through internet censorship. The second reason why the internet should be censored is that individual countries are in a better position to regulate information so that it does not disrupt peace in that country. There is a tendency by other powerful nations to dominate weak countries through disseminating distorted information that is likely to affect peace in weaker nations. Each country has its own way of governing its people hence the need for these countries to put measures in place that are meant to protect the interests of the whole nation. The information accessed from the internet may suggest that other countries are ruled by bad leaders and this can lead to conflicts hence the reason why nations should regulate the information disseminated through the inter net. Research has shown that other powerful nations want to impose their hegemonic control over other weaker nations through the use of distorted information to such nations (Naik, 2010). The other important reason why censorship of the internet is important is that it helps to curb dissemination of illicit content and material like pornography to the people. This particular type of content corrupts the mind of people and it can impact negatively on their behaviour. The dissemination of illicit material may be against the values of a certain group of people hence the need for them to put measures in place that are meant to protect these important components of their life. Therefore, I think individual countries should have measures that are designed to prevent their interests such as internet censorship given that this medium of communication has no boundary. It is very important to preserve culture in each country so that people can be in a position to maintain their identity. A cr itical analysis of an article entitled â€Å"Internet Censorship Pros and Cons† by Abhijit Naik Published November 25, 2010 shows that to a larger extent, â€Å"such regulations are necessary to keep certain problems, such as sexual exploitation of children and spread of drug cartels at bay.†

Discussion 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Discussion 2 - Essay Example Such claims are useful in the development of evaluation and management services. A second section of the website is the evaluation and management services guide. It contains updated information as per the date of December 2010. This part provides educational information appertaining the processes of evaluation and management. The section is resourceful in the sense that it provides specific information regarding such processes as medical record documentation, coding considerations, guidelines for management services as contained in the details of 1997, and specific details on billing. The information is also important in the manner in which it provides specific updates as occurred in the year 1995 and 2010. The use of this information on the website can enrich the service offered in time of patient encounter through systematic and procedural methodologies. The site also features tutorial materials for the clients with information on signing into some of the products offered. Deciding on the correct form of E&M code is a task that is dependent on matching the features and the needs. The websites provides a range of services that are tailored to specific tasks. It helps in decision making through the clarification and simplification of information in an orderly and systematic

Employee Empowerment in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Employee Empowerment in the Workplace - Essay Example Empowerment is seen as a process that results in individual employee enjoying autonomy while performing their jobs. This also ensures accountability on their part and thus develops a sense of ownership and increases the sense of fulfillment, while achieving shared organizational goals. Employee Empowerment has grown in importance in public administration. Early concern for employees as human resources and for the social aspects of work grew into the Quality of Work Life movement and such other efforts (e.g., McGregor 1960; Peters and Pierre 2000). The new public administration and the reinventing government movements have emphasized empowering employees (Marini 1971; Osborne and Gaebler 1992; DeWitt et al. 1994). Empowerment has become "one of the buzzwords of the hour" (Clark 1999, 5) (Lacerda Ramos Eduardo 1995). There were instances of efforts in stimulating employee empowerment in the history "Since World War II, the movement for worker empowerment has steadily gained momentum, c ertain countries have attempted (and in some cases sustained) experiments in various cooperative form of empowerment. With state support, the communal kibbutzim of Israel and Palestine have existed for over eight decades. In Latin America, major national trials in workers' ownership were initiated by the government in both Chile and Peru. In Europe, workers' firms came to constitute a major portion of Italian cottage industry, as well as French small- to medium-sized firms - especially in professional services such as printing, architecture, and engineering" (Lacerda Ramos Eduardo 1995). The present project work is an attempt to describe the importance of employee empowerment for employees as well as the organization. It takes an descriptive approach to illustrate the direct relationship between employee empowerment and their contentment and improved performance. Employee Empowerment- Meaning In common parlance, the term 'empowerment' refers to the process of enabling or authorizing an individual to think, behave, take action, and control work and decision making in autonomous ways. It is the state of feeling self-empowered to take control of one's own destiny. In the organizational context, this term is used with the term 'workers' to denote a changed work atmosphere where employees are at liberty to take decisions on their work and given the responsibility for the performance or otherwise at work place. In other words, employee empowerment is the process of granting the authority to employees with non-managerial capabilities to take decision in an autonomous way. Employee involvement and participative management are similar concepts used in the context of empowerment, but are not interchangeable. In fact, empowerment is the act of strengthening an individual's beliefs in his or her sense of effectiveness. In essence, then, empowerment is not simply a set of external act ions; it is a process of changing the internal beliefs of people (Conger and Kanungo, 1988). Individuals believe themselves powerful when they feel they can adequately cope with environmental demands-that is, situations, events, and people they confront. They feel powerless when they are unable to cope with these demands. Conger and Kanungo (1988) were among the first to define psychological empowerment. They described empowerment as

Colonization of Mexico Essay Example for Free

Colonization of Mexico Essay The main purpose of this chapter is to explain the process of the Mexican northern states conquest. It addresses the events that occurred since the Mexican independence from Spain to the annexation of Texas to the United States and the loss of the Mexican more than half territory. 2. The key question(s) that the author is addressing is: What were the facts that led to the conquest of Mexican territories by the United States? What led to the legacy of hate? 3. The most important information in this article/chapter is: The chapter give us the causes of why the hate of legacy started and why it is still impacting. 4.The main inferences /conclusions in this article/chapter are: Mexico did not just lose over half of its territory, but also dignity. The wars brought losses that impacted the lives of Mexicans. Mexico didn’t just loss part of its land that would make it a major powe, but also its population, which day by day migrate in search of survival. 5.The key concept(s) we need to understand in this article is (are): * September 16, 1810 Mexico won independence from Spain (Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, Jose Maria Morelos, and Guadalupe Victoria). * Mexico was on bankrupt, with low stability. Wanted to form a nation state and create an overriding identity. * Texas and Mexican war interrupted the process of state formation. * 1800-1819 United States expanded through a series of purchases and aggressions dramatically, bordering Texas, New Mexico and some other Mexican territories. * United States started thinking Texas once belonged to them and started the process of annexation and invaded Mexico which led to a bankruptcy to the country. * The United States believed in the manifest destiny. They said God had chosen them to expand trough out the continent and spread democracy. * President Adams offered to by Texas for $1 million, Mexican officials refused the offer; United States started an aggressive diplomatic campaign. * On May 13, 1846 congress declared war. * February 2, 1848 the Mexican congress ratified the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo with Mexico accepting the Rio Grande as the Texas border and ceding almost half of its territory in return of 15 million. * By these concepts the author means: By those concepts the author addresses the facts that led to the Conquest of most of half of Mexican Territory. After Mexico gained independence from Spain, Mexico wanted to become a nation sate, but the process was interrupted when the Texas war begun. United States believed in manifest destiny and started expanding trough out its south. They tried to purchase Texas for 1 million but Mexico refused, war was declared and Mexico accepted lost Texas and some other territories on the northwest trough the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. 8.The main point(s) of view presented in this article is (are) The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo has not been clear and its interpreted in favor of special interests. It is said that it continues to be violated and that it has led to a legacy of hate that has impact our lives.

Alliance Boots Pestel Analysis Business Essay

Alliance Boots Pestel Analysis Business Essay The global pharmaceutical industry has been overwhelmingly changing in the last decade creating rigorous globalization and increased competitiveness. The global market shares are creating new challenges for pharmaceutical companies strengthening the consolidation of the world pharmaceutical industry through alliancing and acquisitions as a strategic orientation for global pharmaceutical companies. Many global companies including pharmaceutical believe that alliance will not only create awareness but will also create successful strategic collaborations capable of creating more global interaction opportunities and integration with other markets. The aim of this report is to explore Alliance Boots future strategic directions. Organisation Background It is a multinational company with strong recognition and reputation as one of the leading pharmaceutical and beauty companies in the world. Alliance Boots revenue is more than  £22.5 billion in excess; it also has various outlets in more than 20 countries. Alliance Boots core areas of business are pharmaceutical and beauty, formed in 2006 as a merger Boots Group and Alliance UniChem and recently a global merger with Walgreens. The company main purpose is to help its customers to look and feel better than ever, by providing exceptional customer and patient care with great value for its customer. Product brands Alliance Boots Pharmaceutical Wholesale Division is experiencing a rapid growth and global sales; the company believes that its product innovation and development competences are some of the resourceful factors, which enable the company to develop new and existing products for global consumption. Some of these products are, No7, Soltan and Botanics, 17, Almus and Alvita that were successfully launched in recently. Organisation Structures Alliance Boots have over 185,000 employees and numerous pharmaceutical outlets. The aim of the company is to work closely with manufacturer of pharmaceutical, beauty and health products and use experienced pharmacists to provide services to their customers. Alliance Boots headquarters is in Zug Switzerland. Alliance Boots Strategy Options It is important that when a global business organisation wants to adopt a sustainable development strategy for its products and brands, such strategy needs to be applicable across a wide range of different product types, also has to be flexible to cope with the rapid turnover of products. Alliance Boots also believe that: The strategy also has to be robust so as to be able to cope with the main three routes by which products are introduced at Alliance Boots(own manufacture, third party supply of Alliance Boots brands and proprietary brand). Its strategy must provide leadership on where and how improvements and such improvement must be commercially successful. Marketing strategy Alliance Boots believe that by putting its customers first for all its pharmaceutical and beauty products with outstanding quality and service at a competitive cost will help the company to achieve excellent profitable margins in the global competitive market. Its unique strategy will also help Alliance Boots with continue profit growth through a balance of strong global sales growth. Ansoffs Matrix Ansoffs Matrix is a unique marketing tool, which provides strategic choices to business organisations in order to achieve the objective for growth. Ansoffs Matrix has for main categories namely: Market penetration: Market penetration creates a good avenue for a company like Alliance Boots to sell existing products into existing markets. It is important for Alliance Boots to continuing promoting its product with the new features and good quality .This is helping Alliance Boots to invest heavily and focus more on research and development in new market research creating more distribution channel. Market development: Alliance Boots uses Market development as a growth strategy to sell its existing products into new markets, including new geographical markets; for example product exportation to a new country. It also includes new product packaging new distribution channels (e.g. Boots Pharmacy stores across UK and selling via e-commerce and mail order). Its ability to target new market makes Market development a unique strategy. Product development: Alliance Boots uses Product development as growth strategy creating a unique avenue for its business to introduce new products into existing pharmaceutical markets with great expectation that they will gain more customers and market share. Such strategy may involve the development of new capabilities and requires Alliance Boots to develop modified products, which can appeal to existing markets. Diversification: Alliance Boots Diversification strategy allows the company to diversify easily to another geographical market. In 2012, Alliance Boot acquired Nanjing Pharmaceutical Company Limited; Nanjing has a strong market position and operating distribution centres in 12 cities and across eight provinces in China. Such diversification into China Pharmaceutical market now makes Alliance Boots, as the largest shareholder is Nanjing Pharmaceutical Group Limited creating new products and opportunities in the Chinese market. Alliance Boots SWOT Analysis Alliance Boots Swot analyses are: Strength: Alliance Boots has an excellent and long-standing relationship with all its customers. The company also has a strong historical reputation for all its quality, using nectar card to gather customer intelligence. Availability of Boots Pharmacy stores everywhere in the UK and Europe. Weaknesses: Due to strong competition with other pharmaceutical companies in the global market, Alliance Boots is struggling to cope with the increased competition in the market. Opportunities: Alliance Boots continue to use the internet opportunity to keep increasing its presence by using online shopping to transact with its domestic and global customers. Using it retail stores advantage across the global market such as Boots Pharmacy to create the right products with right combination of price and promotion to achieve the firms aims of long-term growth. Threats: The major threat to pharmaceutical industries including Alliance Boots is the government higher tax on the price on medicine that Alliance Boots and other retailers must deal with. Porters Five Forces: The five forces of Porter can be used to make an analysis and attraction of business organisation structure as follows: Supplier Power: It plays important role in competitive force, more suppliers one can greatly increase y bargaining power with these suppliers. For example, Alliance Boots successfully bargained with over 80 suppliers to lower prices of some of the drugs they sell over the counter in 2007. Buyer Power: Increasing customer loyalty is a way of reducing the power of the buyer, the introduction of nectar card by Alliance Boots is a way to reward its customers. Because of this, it allows the buyers to save considerably. It also allows Alliance Boots to capture useful information and monitor consumers purchasing habits. Threats of New entrants: There has been huge increase in the number of new entrants in the pharmaceutical marketing making difficult for Alliance Boots to expand in the way the company wants. For example, Tesco is planning various new supermarkets across Britain that would restrict Alliance Boots ability to expand. This poses a real threat, which means that Alliance Boots need to change its marketing strategy with possibility of reducing prices through advertising. Threat if substitute: In order to save money many businesses may decide to outsource their products and service to another company at a cheap cost. Alliance Boots did not outsource its products and services; instead, the company IT department was able to make changes in the way customers pay for their products by replacing its traditional till machines to touch screens capability giving customers a faster way to shop on their own. Competitive Rivalry: This affects many businesses in terms of price competition and products identification. For example, other rivals in the business like Lloyds Pharmacy, Superdrug are expanding rapidly. Because of this, Alliance Boots are constantly improving its stores marketing strategy making its products more affordable and available everywhere in the UK and continue to provide outstanding customer service. Alliance Boots PESTEL Analysis Political Factors: Various political decisions can have a huge impact in the business operate and its performance. For example the impact of government UK policies on the business allowing some major supermarkets to open numerous pharmaceutical stores within their stores. The government believes that such policy will increase NHS services and improved healthcare. Such move will not help Alliance Boots, instead, it will create a huge competition, which will eventually make Alliance Boots to lower its products prices and operate for longer hours. Economic Factors: The global economic recession is badly affecting every business sector including healthcare, with many businesses suffering. There has been a huge increase in the prices of global healthcare affecting the way customers spend and how much they want to spend in buying healthcare products especially Beauty products. In addition to this, the rising fuel costs also have a huge impact in the supply chain channel of Alliance Boots leading to an overall price increase increasing prices and passing over the cost to consumers. Social Factors: the prices of its The social factors is creating more awareness about how everyone should take care of himself or herself through, exercise, eating habit, type of food that is good for the body and many more. For example, government campaign that is promoting healthy eating (eatwell.gov.uk 2012 online) as a result in the rapid increasing level of obesity within the UK (Department of health 2012 online).Such information is boosting Alliance Boots sales by encouraging its customers to try its healthier products at a cheaper price than other companies. Technological Factors: The evolution of internet is helping online retail sales, Alliance Boots is making use of the internet technology to its advantage with internet is now generating more than a third of all revenue for Alliance Boots products and services. Alliance Boots Centre for Innovation is investing hugely for the development of inventive products and technologies that focus on: Ways to diagnose treat and monitor key aspects of health, beauty and wellbeing. Providing positive support to ageing products and working very hard to produce new products. Environmental Factors: Many countries are now committing to green energy ever than before due to the risk of global warming is becoming a reality, Many companies like Alliance Boots have been told to play key role in reducing carbon footprint and increasing energy efficiency (Bream 2008). Because of this, Alliance Boots will have to invest more on greener products (selling of organic healthy product) and reducing their impact of carbon footprint on the environment. Legal Factors: There are various legal issues that are facing the way companies operate globally, for example, Alliance Boot Cases include application to European Court of Justice in sex discrimination case of Neath versus Hugh Steeper Limited. New laws keep emerging everyday especially on healthy product and drinks, which mean Alliance Boots will have to be more cautious about it packaging and labelling policies, which will be extra financial liability on the Alliance Boots. Globalisation Drivers The drivers of globalisation can be classified into Market Drivers: Increasing travel create global consumers Growth of global and regional channels Establishment of world brands 2. Cost Drivers: Fast-tracking technological innovation Transportation and distribution channel 3. Government Drivers Reduction of tariff barriers and non-tariff barriers Privatisation in previously state-dominated economies 4. Competitive Drivers Strong rise in global strategic alliances with other companies. Rise of new competitors with intension of becoming global competitors Future Strategic Partnership Walgreen Co., US largest drug store chain is the latest future strategic partnership and direction that Alliance Boots is taking. Under this new strategy, Alliance Boots and Walgreen Co are bringing together the strengths and proficiency of both companies to create the first global pharmacy-led, health and wellbeing enterprise. Recommendations In order for Alliance Boots to maintain its global presence and continue to be one of dominant forces in the Pharmaceutical companies, the following are the vibrant future strategic direction that Alliance Boots must take for its business. Delivering of new innovative medical research using the next generation technology. A new global approach to marketing by sponsoring various events related to wellbeing of Alliance Boots customers. Expansion of general merchandise ranges which in return will create sales with greater growth potential and effectiveness. Conclusion In conclusion, strategic management with a dedicated market focus is a driver to build a successful future globalization and merger processes of pharmaceutical industry. The greater the strength of the competitive drivers, the greater the tendency for an industry to globalise. Alliance Boots continues to internationalise its key product brands, selling them to distributors, independent pharmacies and retail partners including online shopping sites globally.

Pedagogy :: essays research papers

We are currently taking part in a graduate research project at Loyola Marymount University. The focus of this project is internet plagiarism. More specifically what academic and social pressures lead students to plagiarize. Below are several questions regarding your site. Please answer them in the spaces provided and forward the e-mail back to us. We understand that what you do is perfectly legal, and we want to make it clear that we are in no way using this data to accuse or discredit your business. We just want to gain insight as to why students choose to plagiarize (despite your disclaimer not to use the papers they receive as any more than research), what topics they choose, and approximately how frequently they use your site. Also, we want to make it clear that we do not believe that your companies plagiarize or promote plagiarism in any shape or form. Regards, Marc Wiseman, Loyola Marymount Graduate Studies in Pedagogy 1) How long have you been in business? What size staff do you have? Who writes the papers? What is their education level? 2) How many papers are on file? How many topics? How long before a paper becomes outdated? What topics are your most popular? How many do you sell per year? 3) Do you get many complaints about the quality of the papers after they are purchased? If so, how do you solve this problem? 4) How do you protect yourselves from lawsuits? 5) Who is the target audience for your marketing? Where do you advertise? What are some promotional gimmicks that seem to work for you? 6) What is the average age of the people who use your site? How many times, on average, does one person use your site? 7) Do you have many requests for personal narratives? Pedagogy :: essays research papers We are currently taking part in a graduate research project at Loyola Marymount University. The focus of this project is internet plagiarism. More specifically what academic and social pressures lead students to plagiarize. Below are several questions regarding your site. Please answer them in the spaces provided and forward the e-mail back to us. We understand that what you do is perfectly legal, and we want to make it clear that we are in no way using this data to accuse or discredit your business. We just want to gain insight as to why students choose to plagiarize (despite your disclaimer not to use the papers they receive as any more than research), what topics they choose, and approximately how frequently they use your site. Also, we want to make it clear that we do not believe that your companies plagiarize or promote plagiarism in any shape or form. Regards, Marc Wiseman, Loyola Marymount Graduate Studies in Pedagogy 1) How long have you been in business? What size staff do you have? Who writes the papers? What is their education level? 2) How many papers are on file? How many topics? How long before a paper becomes outdated? What topics are your most popular? How many do you sell per year? 3) Do you get many complaints about the quality of the papers after they are purchased? If so, how do you solve this problem? 4) How do you protect yourselves from lawsuits? 5) Who is the target audience for your marketing? Where do you advertise? What are some promotional gimmicks that seem to work for you? 6) What is the average age of the people who use your site? How many times, on average, does one person use your site? 7) Do you have many requests for personal narratives?

Solar charger

As an experienced company specializing in designing, engineering, manufacturing and selling various kinds of products, such as accessories of computer and mobile phone, fashionable electronic product, electric gifts, novelty lights & lighting, promotional gifts & crafts and other various kinds of promotional items.Slinya owns not only the advanced production equipments and strong development strength, but also a group of technicians and veteran workers with rich skill and good rainings which are the backbone of the fast and convenient delivery and best service for customers. Customer's satisfication has always been main goal, Slinya has an professional quality team and many precision testing equipments to ensure that all products have the best quality control.They also have gotten the official certificates of IS09001 : 2000 ; IS014001 : 2004 from third party organization, and all products are internationally recognized with RoHS compliance. Slinya Group always hold on to technology c reation and marketing development, continuously promote our competition, and do the best to satisfy market's equirements with company's flexibility, so as to provide best service and best products to their customers. The products have been distributed and exported to many countries all around the world, such as the United States, Europe, South Asia, Middle East and other areas.They have won the high reputation and long term cooperation from customer both at home and overseas. Products and Services 10000mAh Power Bank Portable Solar Charger Rechargeable Solar Battery Product Features: product price RM105 per 1; 200 Pieces RM60 This product is a multi-function solar emergency charger. Meet an emergency: When you go to outside or power cuts, you also can use your mobile phone with solar energy. Convenience: Whenever and wherever you are, you can charge your mobile phone in time, and you could talk with others when charging.Environment protect, save resource: You can use solar energy to charge your mobile phone wherever and whenever. Exquisite workmanship, high-capacity Solar efficient charging Multi – voltage mode, extensive support for laptop and mobile digital devices Multiple intelligent security protection: over current, overvoltage, overload and short circuit rotection LED remaining power smart tips Capacity Input: DC 1 . OA (max) output: DC 5. OV 2. 1A (max) Solar panel: 1. W The battery indicator: 4-LED indicate (charging, full of bright blue light) Connectors for mobile phone: for iPhone 5, for iPhone, Micro USB adaptor, for Mini USB, For Nokia N70 Size: 132 x 14t-nrn weight: 226g Color: Black, Silvery, Hot Pink, Blue Package Included: 1 x 10000mAh Solar Battery Charger lx Charger Cable Charger Adapters lx Retail Package Shenzhen LETSOLAR Technology Co. , Ltd Shenzhen LETSOLAR Technology Co. , Ltd was established in 2005, the headquarter nd R;D department is located in Nanshan, Shenzhen city.We integrate research, development ; manufacture and spec ialize in solar charger as well as portable charger field. With strong R;D capacity, LETSOLAR not only continuously improve main products solar charger ; portable charger, but also develop solar lighting system, solar pack, solar torch, solar DIY kit, etc. They emphasize on products R;D and build a 7 people R;D team of electronic, structure, shape. All the products have China appearance patent. LETSOLAR also pay attention to products environmental property. All the products re under CE ; RoHS certificate and correspond with EIJ REACH regulations.Also some products are USA FCC approved. In 2012, LETSOLAR has moved to a new manufacturing base, the building area is more than 2,500 square meters. New factory including mold-tooling design, product development, plastic injection and manufacture process. In this way it will improve our R;D, manufacture and quality control capacity, and they can give you quick response and better service. Products ; Services Tiger senes Of LETSOLAR Big powe r solar Charger 6000mAh Product Detail Product Price RM 170 per 1 Brand name: Letsolar Type: Solar output: 5V/2. A ; 5V/1A Solar Panel: high efficiency solar panel Power display: LCD Place of Origin: Guangdong. China Input: 5V/1A Weight' 195g Use; Charger for all phones Battery: Li-Polymer Capacity: 6000mAh output port: 2 USB & Micro USB Size: 92mm x 152mm x 20mm Packaging & Delivery Packaging Detail: neutral package Delivery detail: 15 – 20 days after reiceve the paymenbt Specification 6000mAh Li-polymer battery, can charge iPhone 300% High efficiency solar panel Three output Inbuilt cable Self-charging time: 12 hours by laptop, 7 hours by 5WIA travel charger NingboYinzhou Guanya Optoelectronics Co. , Ltd. Ningbo Yinzhou Guanya Optoelectronics Co. , Ltd company was established on 2008, its professional in exporting solar products and portable chargers, aiming at global market. their goal is to supply green products to our customers with good quality and prices. The products include solar charger, foldable solar charger set, solar LED flashlight, solar keychain, outdoor solar light, portable charger, phone charger, power bank and so on.They are widely used in daily life, camping, travel, exploration, searching and for emergency use. They strictly execute IS09001 :2000 production standard to meet customer requirements. Most of the products are certified by CE, RoHS and EN-71. Our engineers could customize personalized design and packing to ensure their customers acquire the competitive products. They could also offer customers with OEM service to fit the distribution.Since 2012, we have issued a very important plan for opening oversea markets. We can supply DIA 30-120 DAYS services for our good customer to open their local market. We believe that in this way we can grow up together in the future.

Democratization processes Essay

Here it is important to mention that foreign economic aid constitutes one more vital facet of globalization influence upon expansion of democratization processes as it is a foremost resource of capital for developing countries. During the early phases of their economic development, developing nations often rely extensively on financial backing from a range of sources (Arblaster, 1999, p. 39). To a considerable degree, the results of their economic advance depend substantially on the accessibility of capital and foreign financial assistance. Being refused of such aid, some of developing countries would never economic development and win their place in the global markets. But foreign allocations in most cases require accomplishment of specific conditions usually related to forcing developing countries to liberalize and rationalize their economies which is impossible without democratic changes implementation (Imai, 1996, p.8). Inclusion in the system of world economic relations constitutes a source of influence of democratic ideas prevailing in industrial world upon the society of developing nation. Thus, international political and communicative ties deriving from high contemporary level of development of global information systems are one of the critical external factors encouraging middle class to perceive democratic values such as individual liberties, eligibility right etc. Along with other internal factors it expands the social basis for opposition to autocratic regime (Shepherd, 1998, p. 48). Escalating trade and industry integration among the countries has considerably lessened the barriers between national economies, weakening the autonomy of national governments and their political control over their societies (Imai, 1996, p. 9). Thus, amplified economic internationalization confines the variety of options existing for national governments in preserving powerful centralized control.

How does Jane Austen ensure that Lizzy and Darcy are the most attractive couple in the novel? Essay

We are introduced to the character of Lizzy early on, and in such away that we are immediately given a positive impression of her. We first hear of her in a conversation between Mr and Mrs Bennet when discussing the arrival of Mr Bingley. â€Å"I must throw in a good word for my little Lizzy† Mr Bennet says, â€Å"Lizzy has something more of quickness than her sisters† This is the first impression that we have of Lizzy. To introduce her character in this way means that even before meeting her, we are already thinking of her character and already have an image of her in our minds. We see that Mr Bennet points out Lizzy’s ‘quickness’, showing that she is clever and not absent minded and dull. By hearing his praise of her, we can not dislike her unless we see something that we disapprove, which never occurs, as such. In order for Darcy and Elizabeth to be attractive as a couple, they also need to be attractive as individuals. Their attractiveness, not just of looks but of personality, are hinted to us throughout the novel. Lizzy is strong-willed, witty, bright and intelligent. â€Å"Really, ma’am, I think it would be very hard upon younger sisters, that they should not have their share of society and amusement, because the elderly may not have the means or inclination to marry early. The last born has a good a right to the pleasures of youth as the first.† This is from the conversation between Lizzy and Lady Catherine about Lydia’s marriage, which shows how Lizzy is happy to speak her mind and show her point of view. To the reader this is admirable, perhaps especially at the time when in society she would have kept it to herself due to her age, position and feminism. We see also, that various people, like her father, have much more respect for her due to it. This leads to influence us to see her in the same way. Darcy originally appears to us in a different manner. While the first impression we get of Lizzy is positive, the impression we get of Darcy is soon considerably negative. However, Jane Austen does not immediately influence us to dislike him. â€Å"his friend Mr Darcy soon drew the attention of the room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien, and the report which was in general circulation within five minutes after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a-year.† The quote is taken from when Darcy first enters the story at the Meryton ball. He is talked of with much approval and very much admired. However, this view is soon altered when we witness his conversation with Bingley at the dance. Bingley is attempting to persuade Darcy to participate and to dance with Lizzy. â€Å"She is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me; and I am in no humour at present to give consequence to young ladies who are slighted by other men.† This insults Lizzy, being in her earshot, and yet she can laugh at how ridiculous his manner was. His rudeness also influences the reader of how we perceive him. With additional incidents similar, we are for a long time under the impression that Darcy is a very proud and rude man and so it takes a long time to change our views. However, with the image of the very first description of Darcy, there is something slightly attractive in his character to grow on. It is interesting to note that although Darcy is handsome and very rich, we do not base his attractiveness individually on this. There are also other attractive features of Darcy that develop later on in the novel. This is interesting as it is opposite to an incident in the book concerning Wickham. â€Å"She could have added, â€Å"A young man, too, like you, whose very countenance may vouch for your being amiable†.† Here Lizzy has mistaken the good looks of Wickham for goodness. While Wickham is attractive in the face, his personality is not so. We are not only drawn to Darcy for his looks, however, but also look for something more attractive than physical attraction and wealth. â€Å"He is the best landlord, and the best master,† she said, â€Å"that ever lived; not like the wild young men nowadays, who think nothing but themselves. There is not one of his tenants or servants but what will give him a good name.† This report of Darcy from his housekeeper demonstrates the character we see developing. By such information, it is suggested that what we originally presumed of him to be proud and rude, may actually, in some ways, be misunderstandings of his character, as we learn that he is merely the strong, silent type. The improvement of Darcy’s character, as well as the less obvious improvement of Elizabeth’s, is one of the attractive features of their partnership. The way that they work on their relationship is attractive because they do not just settle with an easy option but admit mistakes and amend problems. They both realise faults in themselves due to each other. Darcy’s pride and Lizzy’s prejudice. Darcy’s pride we have already seen at the ball. This is shown to us in an obvious manner and even stated and talked about. It is often Lizzy who complains about it and is the reason that she despises Darcy so much and for so long. This also demonstrates her prejudice. Although it is noticeable in many occasions, her prejudice is less public. However, she still learns from her mistakes. These two aspects of their characters do not mix and so is not until they can overcome them, that they realise how right they are for each other. The development of their partnership in this way is attractive, rising it above other couples in the novel. We can look at the marriage of Bingley and Jane, for instance, for comparison. Jane and Bingley’s marriage is the only other in the book that we are happy for, however, the marriage of Lizzy and Darcy still improves on it. While the former is very simple and ‘pretty’, the latter is a lot deeper, with the way it was developed forming interesting layers of characters. Other couples are a lot more obviously unsuited. Mr and Mrs Bennet are one such example. When their marriage took place, Mrs Bennet married up in society, while Mr Bennet married down. Mrs Bennet was attractive but vacuous and she didn’t improve in intelligence. We can presume that Mr Bennet regretted the marriage. We see an inclination of this when he is advising Lizzy on her marriage to Darcy. â€Å"My child, let me not have the grief of seeing you unable to respect your partner in life. You know not what you are about.† We can suggest from this that Mr Bennet is reflecting on himself, and the mistake that he carried out in marrying Mrs Bennet, as he appears to be talking from experience. We see many examples where he is not happy with his marriage and not happy with Mrs Bennet. â€Å"My dear, do not give way to such gloomy thoughts. Let us hope for better things. Let us flatter ourselves that I may be the survivor† This is Mr Bennet’s reply to a conversation with Mrs Bennet about what would happen to their property when he died. We see how he has no respect for her as he is continually mocking her in this cruel way throughout the book. The amount of sarcasm and irony he uses suggests that he is merely taking it all as a joke, as if were he to take it seriously, he would not be able to handle it. We see also in the novel how, to get away from it, he spends a lot of his time by himself in his library where Mrs Bennet and the rest of the family can not disturb him. Lizzy and Darcy’s marriage however, already proves to be more successful. As a couple, they are good for each other. They can succeed in the development of each others character. They are both intelligent people, unlike Mrs Bennet, who can carry out intellectual conversations and discussions. We can see this in an earlier conversation. â€Å"To yield readily – easily – persuasion of a friend is no merit with you.† â€Å"To yield without conviction is no compliment to the understanding of either.† â€Å"You appear to me, Mr Darcy, to allow nothing for the influence of friendship and affection† This is one such example of Darcy and Lizzy exchanging and debating opinions. We can also compare this to the marriage of Charlotte Lucas and Mr Collins. â€Å"When Mr Collins could be forgotten, there was a great air of comfort throughout, and by Charlotte’s evident enjoyment of it, Elizabeth supposed he must often be forgotten.† This was taken from Lizzy’s visit to Hunsford to visit Mr and Mrs Collins. It shows how happier Charlotte is when her husband isn’t there, and that this is often the case. Lizzy and Darcy however, enjoy each other’s company immensely and do not tire of it. We see that the Collins’ marriage is a marriage of convenience. It is stable, they have money and their own space from each other, but there is no love. They would never sit and enjoy a conversation but would much rather be separate from each other, similarly to Mr and Mrs Bennet, but right from the start of their marriage. Darcy and Lizzy as a couple are attractive because they are so meant to be. Jane Austen has written us a Romantic novel where the well matched always end up living happily ever after. They are not bad like Lydia and Wickham and so we feel a great love for them and believe that they deserve to be happy together. By being able to compare them to many other couples in the book we see even more clearly how they, as a couple, are the most attractive.

Reading responce Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reading responce - Assignment Example Tan further proves that her mother’s English is â€Å"imperfect† by citing several circumstances experienced by her mother (78). She also points out that her mother has noticed her own limitations as she was asked to pretend to be Mrs. Tan on a phone call one time, and talked to doctors when her mother needed to get more information about findings (78). This article shows the power of language, English specifically, in society. Similar to what is shown, people who are relatively â€Å"good† in English tend to ignore those comparatively â€Å"poor† in communicating their ideas. In communities today individuals likely equate the inability of â€Å"perfect† verbalization to lack of comprehension, which is unlikely in most cases. The complexity of language contributes to how one may find it difficult to speak flawlessly, but does not necessarily imply one’s being â€Å"limited.† This essay, showing the author’s vivid understanding of her mother’s imperfect English as a daughter rather than a writer, gives readers an eye-opener of how they should pattern their language depending on who they are talking to, without

Argument "The Pitfalls of plastic surgery Essay

Argument "The Pitfalls of plastic surgery - Essay Example Camillie proceeds and says â€Å"as cosmetic surgery has become more and more widespread and affordable, it has virtually become a civil right, an equal-opportunity privilege once enjoyed primarily by a moneyed elite who could fly to Brazil for a discreet nip and duck.† This clearly shows that cosmetic surgery is no longer a one class activity but that of anyone who has the finances. Despite the exercise spreading at a high rate, there are many moral questions that crop up. For instance Camillie questions â€Å"is cosmetic surgery a wasteful frivolity, an exercise in narcissism?† This is a question worth being answered. Once a person under goes the surgery, does it waste his or her former beauty? Is it only women who insist on the cosmetic surgery as a result of endemic sexism? This question is directed to women since they are the most customers in these surgeries (Camillie 775-777). However, women are not the only affected sex. Male especially celebrities undergo these surgeries as a way of looking more handsome and therefore attracting more fans. This is a race of the best looking and hence people are forced to undergo the surgery. As Camillie puts it â€Å"all these ethical issues deserve serious attention.† This should be worked on in order to eliminate any discrimination based on the looks. Though the practice is unstoppable, it needs to be improved. The chemicals used should be changed or improved in order to reduce long term side effects. It is not possible for a 50 year old looking like a 20 year old youngster. All this is due to the chemicals used in stopping the skin from shrinking. Also, it should be changed in order to stop instances of young people lacking jobs due to the fact that there are older people looking young at their supposed positions (Camillie 776-777). Am not trying to wipe away the practice as the maximization of attractiveness is justifiable in all societies, but it is worrying in America the way rate of female gender attraction could

Country's economy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Country's economy - Case Study Example The Figure below shows the economic growth in eight major countries from 1870 to 1996. In 1870, Australia was the richest economy whereas Japan was the poorest economy of the sixteen major economies of that time. In the same year, Australia’s real GDP per capita was almost five times that of Japan. Over the following 126 years, Australia’s economy grew by 1.3% which allowed real GDP per capita to increase by 5 times. However, during the same time, Japan’s economy grew by 2.7% which allowed its real GDP per capita to advance by 28 times. Likewise, Figure 11 also shows the progress made by United States from 1870 to 1996. The long-run rate of economic growth of the American economy was 1.7% which allowed it to raise its living standards by 8 times in 126 years. Therefore, the long-run rate of economic growth is an important measure of the nation’s wealth. (Bernanke, 2003) Figure 1: Economic Growth in Eight Major Countries The output of the economy depends up on the quality and quantity of labor and capital and on their productivity. If the inputs are constant, there is no economic growth in the country. Therefore, one of the inputs has to change along with the productivity for a healthier growth rate. The relationship between inputs and outputs of the economy are reflected in the following equation; which also shows the important factors that affect the long-run rate of economic growth. (Bernanke, 2003) Y= AF (K, N) Where: Y = Output of the economy A = Productivity N = Labor K = Capital Requirements Labor Labor refers to the working force of the nation-be it skilled, semi skilled or unskilled. Labor is one of the most important inputs into the economy. A skilled, educated labor force makes a strong contribution to the other factors of the economy. Along with them, the economy also requires semi-skilled and unskilled labor. However, the most important thing is their constant supply to the market. Similarly, the skills acquire must match the demand of the economy. (Bernanke, 2003) Technological Progress Technological progress refers to the ability of the nation to adapt to update infrastructure and equipments. No country can expect to progress without the necessary infrastructure for specific technology. In our globalized world, the economy needs to incorporate up-to-date technology replacing the obsolete machines to match the increasing demands. The smooth flow with the technological progress allows making the necessary progress. (Bernanke, 2003) Investment Investment refers to the capital requirements of the growing economy. The country needs consistent investment to make remarkable progress and achieve long-run rate of economic growth. Therefore, the nation needs to establish an environment that allows the continuous flow of foreign direct investment into the country and a credit history that allows it to raise the debt when needed. However, there needs to be sustainable amount of debt so that it does not hamper the growth in the long run. (Bernanke, 2003) Productivity It is another important factor for consistent long-run growth rate. This component refers to increase in the efficiency and effectiveness of the same labor and capital inputs. Therefore, if the productivity of the nation increases keeping the labor and capital same, the economy will growth by a certain factor. (Bernanke, 2003) Answer 2 Gross Domestic Output (GDP) is defined as market value of all the goods and services produced by a particular nation within the domestic boundaries. (Amadea, 2011) There are four components of the GDP as shown in the following equation: Y = C + I + G + X Where Y = Total output C = Personal consumption expenditures I = Investment G = Government spending X =